Подробное решение
Дано уравнение
$$z^{8} = 1 + i$$
Т.к. степень в ур-нии равна = 8 и свободный член = 1 + i комплексное,
зн. действительных решений у соотв. ур-ния не существует
Остальные 8 корня(ей) являются комплексными.
сделаем замену:
$$w = z$$
тогда ур-ние будет таким:
$$w^{8} = 1 + i$$
Любое комплексное число можно представить так:
$$w = r e^{i p}$$
подставляем в уравнение
$$r^{8} e^{8 i p} = 1 + i$$
где
$$r = \sqrt[16]{2}$$
- модуль комплексного числа
Подставляем r:
$$e^{8 i p} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(1 + i\right)}{2}$$
Используя формулу Эйлера, найдём корни для p
$$i \sin{\left(8 p \right)} + \cos{\left(8 p \right)} = \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(1 + i\right)}{2}$$
значит
$$\cos{\left(8 p \right)} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
и
$$\sin{\left(8 p \right)} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
тогда
$$p = \frac{\pi N}{4} + \frac{\pi}{32}$$
где N=0,1,2,3,...
Перебирая значения N и подставив p в формулу для w
Значит, решением будет для w:
$$w_{1} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$w_{2} = \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$w_{3} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$w_{4} = \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$w_{5} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$w_{6} = \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$w_{7} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$w_{8} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
делаем обратную замену
$$w = z$$
$$z = w$$
Тогда, окончательный ответ:
$$z_{1} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$z_{2} = \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$z_{3} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$z_{4} = \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
$$z_{5} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$z_{6} = \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$z_{7} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
$$z_{8} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}$$
16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\
z1 = - \/ 2 *sin|--| + I*\/ 2 *cos|--|
\32/ \32/
$$z_{1} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\
z2 = \/ 2 *sin|--| - I*\/ 2 *cos|--|
\32/ \32/
$$z_{2} = \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\
z3 = - \/ 2 *cos|--| - I*\/ 2 *sin|--|
\32/ \32/
$$z_{3} = - \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\
z4 = \/ 2 *cos|--| + I*\/ 2 *sin|--|
\32/ \32/
$$z_{4} = \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}$$
/ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\
|2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|
| \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/
z5 = I*|------------- + -------------| + ------------- - -------------
\ 2 2 / 2 2
$$z_{5} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(\frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)$$
/ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\
|2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|
| \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/
z6 = I*|------------- - -------------| + ------------- + -------------
\ 2 2 / 2 2
$$z_{6} = \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)$$
/ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\
|2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|
| \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/
z7 = I*|------------- - -------------| - ------------- - -------------
\ 2 2 / 2 2
$$z_{7} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)$$
/ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\
| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|
| \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/
z8 = I*|- ------------- - -------------| + ------------- - -------------
\ 2 2 / 2 2
$$z_{8} = - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)$$
Сумма и произведение корней
[src] / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\
|2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--| |2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--| |2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--| | 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|
16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\ | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/ | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/ | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/ | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/
0 + - \/ 2 *sin|--| + I*\/ 2 *cos|--| + \/ 2 *sin|--| - I*\/ 2 *cos|--| + - \/ 2 *cos|--| - I*\/ 2 *sin|--| + \/ 2 *cos|--| + I*\/ 2 *sin|--| + I*|------------- + -------------| + ------------- - ------------- + I*|------------- - -------------| + ------------- + ------------- + I*|------------- - -------------| - ------------- - ------------- + I*|- ------------- - -------------| + ------------- - -------------
\32/ \32/ \32/ \32/ \32/ \32/ \32/ \32/ \ 2 2 / 2 2 \ 2 2 / 2 2 \ 2 2 / 2 2 \ 2 2 / 2 2
$$\left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right) - \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - i \left(\frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right) - i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right) - i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right)$$
/ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\
|2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| |2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| |2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|| | 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--||
| \32/ \32/| | \32/ \32/| | \32/ \32/| | \32/ \32/|
I*|------------- + -------------| + I*|------------- - -------------| + I*|------------- - -------------| + I*|- ------------- - -------------|
\ 2 2 / \ 2 2 / \ 2 2 / \ 2 2 /
$$i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right) + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right) + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right) + i \left(\frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)$$
/ / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ / / 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\ 9/16 /pi\ 9/16 /pi\\
| |2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| | |2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| | |2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| | | 2 *cos|--| 2 *sin|--|| 2 *sin|--| 2 *cos|--||
/ 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\\ /16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\\ / 16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\\ /16___ /pi\ 16___ /pi\\ | | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/| | | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/| | | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/| | | \32/ \32/| \32/ \32/|
1*|- \/ 2 *sin|--| + I*\/ 2 *cos|--||*|\/ 2 *sin|--| - I*\/ 2 *cos|--||*|- \/ 2 *cos|--| - I*\/ 2 *sin|--||*|\/ 2 *cos|--| + I*\/ 2 *sin|--||*|I*|------------- + -------------| + ------------- - -------------|*|I*|------------- - -------------| + ------------- + -------------|*|I*|------------- - -------------| - ------------- - -------------|*|I*|- ------------- - -------------| + ------------- - -------------|
\ \32/ \32// \ \32/ \32// \ \32/ \32// \ \32/ \32// \ \ 2 2 / 2 2 / \ \ 2 2 / 2 2 / \ \ 2 2 / 2 2 / \ \ 2 2 / 2 2 /
$$1 \left(- \sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}\right) \left(\sqrt[16]{2} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}\right) \left(- \sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} - \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}\right) \left(\sqrt[16]{2} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)} + \sqrt[16]{2} i \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}\right) \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(\frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right) \left(\frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right) \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right) \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} + i \left(- \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2} - \frac{2^{\frac{9}{16}} \sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{32} \right)}}{2}\right)\right)$$
-3*pi*I
-------
___ 4
\/ 2 *e
$$\sqrt{2} e^{- \frac{3 i \pi}{4}}$$
z1 = 1.03924531873597 + 0.102356729874669*i
z2 = -0.807234549989035 + 0.662480274400119*i
z3 = 0.102356729874669 - 1.03924531873597*i
z4 = -0.102356729874669 + 1.03924531873597*i
z5 = -1.03924531873597 - 0.102356729874669*i
z6 = 0.807234549989035 - 0.662480274400119*i
z7 = 0.662480274400119 + 0.807234549989035*i
z8 = -0.662480274400119 - 0.807234549989035*i